New Horizons Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

New Horizon Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (NHJBAS) is a newly established international journal of research in the fields of basic and applied research. It is the official academic journal of Al-Azhar University's Faculty of Science in Assiut, Egypt. As a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal, NHJBAS is dedicated to promoting innovation in fundamental and applied research across a range of scientific fields and to advance scientific knowledge.  

Our goal is to give researchers, academics, and professionals a vibrant venue to share excellent, influential research that tackles today's scientific problems and investigates new scientific frontiers. The journal welcomes original research articles, review papers, and short communications covering various topics in biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, environmental sciences, and other related fields.

Free of Charge

The journal has a broad scope in appropriate subjects' areas of basic and applied research. Subject areas may include, but are not limited to the following areas:

• Pure and Applied Mathematics

• Computer Science, Software Modeling and Information Technology

• Biomathematics

• Recent Trends in Physics

• Material Science and Nanotechnology

• Medical and Biophysics

• Renewable Energy

• Applied and Industrial Chemistry

• Analytical Chemistry 

• Biochemistry

• Environmental Chemistry

• Inorganic Chemistry 

• Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

• Botany 

• Microbiology

• Earth Sciences

• Geology

• Remote Sensing and GIS

• Basic and Applied Zoological Researches

• Marine Biology

• Genomics

• Entomology

• Immunology

• Parasitology

• Sustainable Aquaculture

• Fish Biology and Fisheries

• Cell and Molecular Biology

• Environmental Research

• Climate Change and its Impacts

Editor-in-Chief

Prof. Alaa G. M. Osman 

Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

E-mail: agosman@sciparkpub.com

ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9256-7415

Scopus ID: 15048515800

Biography and/or area of scientific interests: He is a Full Professor and the Dean of the Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt. His principal research interests focus on the following topics: Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Freshwater Ecology, Ecophysiology, Ecotoxicology, Sustainable Aquaculture, Aquaponics, and Analysis of Population Genetics of fishes using molecular markers (DNA barcoding). He earned his PhD at Humboldt University Berlin, Germany in 2007. After he completed his PhD thesis, he went one step further on his career became Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Science engaged in research and teaching. Afterwards, he has succeeded to get highly appreciated Alexander von Humboldt postdoctoral research fellowship. He did his postdoctoral stay (2010-2012) at Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, which is one of the most important Institutes worldwide studying various aspects of aquatic freshwater ecosystems. In October 2012, he awarded return fellowship from Alexander von Humboldt foundation. From June 2013 till June 2018, he was Associate Professor in the Faculty of Science, engaged in research and teaching. In 2018, he became a professor in the Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut branch). Recently, he succeeded to transfer the innovative ecotechnology for aquaponic to Egypt in the framework of the Research Group linkage Program funded by Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, creating University’s first aquaponic greenhouse in Egypt (Al-Azhar Aquaponics). He Published four books and book chapter and contributed around 105 peer reviewed papers in leading academic journals. Also, some of his results were presented at international conferences around the world. Afterward, he occupied a position as the Head of the Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut branch). In 2019, he awarded Visitor Scientist at the Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany. Currently, he is the Dean of the Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut branch), Assiut, Egypt. He managed to obtain funds and Fellowships from several national and international organizations. Beside his experiences as research leader and fund raiser, he obtained a wide range of experiences as reviewer, editorial board member and journal editor-in-chief. 

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Associate Editors

Organic Chemistry section

Prof. Dr. Abu-Bakr A. A.M. El-Adasy

Professor of Organic Chemistry, Al-Azhar University at, Assiut, Assiut 71524, Egypt

E-mail: a_eladasy@azhar.edu.eg

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5828-4750

Biography and/or area of scientific interests: Prof. Dr. Abu-Bakr A. A.M. El-Adasy was born in Egypt in September 1970.He graduated from the faculty of science at ِAl-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt in 1993; since that date, Prof. El-Adasy has worked at Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science, in the Chemistry Department. Prof. El-Adasy obtained his M.Sc in 1999 and PhD in 2003 in Organic Chemistry from Al-Azhar University, Egypt. 

Prof El-Adasy has been a professor of organic chemistry at Al-Azhar University since 2017.  He has 25 years of hands-on experience designing, synthesizing, and developing new organic compounds for antimicrobial use. Prof. El-Adasy has published over 44 research publications with more than 400 Citations and reviewers for various journals. To date, prof. Abu-Bakr’s published articles have accumulated total (Google Scholar) citations of 521 with h-index of 13 (citations from Scopus of 401 with 11 h-index).

Physical Chemistry section 

Prof.  Adham M Nagiub

Geology section

Prof. Abdellah Sadek Tolba

Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt

E-mail: abdellah.tolba@azhar.edu.eg

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9401-5275

Scopus ID: 57217997536

Biography and/or area of scientific interests: Abdellah  Sadek Tolba is a Professor of Egyptian Basement Rocks and Head of Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Egypt. He obtained his Ph.D. in Igneous Rock Description and Genesis (2011) from Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science, Cairo. He has 25 years of experience in the fields of hard rock petrology, hard rock geochemistry, and rock-forming mineralogy. His main areas of interest are crystalline rocks (igneous and metamorphic rocks), geochemistry, tectonic description, especially their petrotectonics . He has co-published more than 15 international papers, with 6 H-Index, 68 citations and shared in review of more than 8 papers for journals.

Zoology Section

Prof. Omar Sayed Omar Amer

Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt

E-mail: omaramer.42@azhar.edu.eg 

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7312-7112 

Biography and/or area of scientific interests: I hold my PhD in Parasitology from Zoology Dept. at Faculty of Science, Sohag University in 2004. Currently, I am working as a professor of Parasitology and serving as the Head of Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut branch) since May 2023. My work during M.Sc. and PhD focused on the classification of helminths in various animal groups. Since 2021, my research has been directed toward studying the effects of some animal venoms on some helminth species using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. 

Botany and Microbiology section

Prof. Nageh Fathy Abo-Dahab 

Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science at Assiut, Al-Azhar University

E-mail: abodahabn@azhar.edu.eg

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4793-8528

Biography and/or area of scientific interests: Emeritus Professor of Applied Mycology, Ph.D. from Sohag University Association with International Mycological Institute and Kings Collage, London University. We Cary out with my collage research around secondary metabolites mainly from Fungi and Bacteria and possible application as antibiotics, autoinflammatory antioxidant, and anticancer, Mycotoxins, Enzymology, and waste recycling.

Physics section

Prof. E. R. Shaaban

Materials Science section

Prof. Farid M. Abdel-Rahim

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt

E-mail: FaridMohamed.42@azhar.edu.eg

ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0541-8783

Scopus ID: 6603449423

Biography and/or area of scientific interests: Professor Dr. Farid Mohamed Abdel Rahim - Director of the Quality Assurance Unit - Faculty of Science - Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch - works as a professor of materials science - Department of Physics, Faculty of Science - Al-Azhar University in Assiut. He holds a doctorate in laser plasma from Cairo University and a master’s degree in thin films from Cairo University. Asyut. Prof. Dr. Farid works as Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Quality Assurance Unit at the college, Director of the Unit and the Executive Council, and a member of the Council of the Faculty of Science for Boys, Al-Azhar, Assiut Branch, and a member of the Council of the Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch. He holds a Trainer of Trainers (TOT) certificate from more than one accredited center locally and in the Arab world. He is a trainer at the Training and Quality Assurance Center at Al-Azhar University and a trainer in faculty development and promotions courses at Al-Azhar University and some Arab universities.

Authors Guideline

1. Manuscript Types 

Science Park Publisher welcomes the following types of manuscript:

1.1. Research Article: Research articles in Science Park Publisher present original scientific work, including experimental, theoretical, and descriptive studies related to advanced energy storage materials and devices. These manuscripts should provide a substantial amount of new information and include the most recent and relevant references in the field. The structure should consist of sections such as Abstract (maximum 250 words), Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusions.  word count is 3000-12000 words, excluding figures, captions and references

1.2. Review Article: Comprehensive reviews of current research and developments in specific areas within the field of advanced energy storage materials and devices. These reviews identify current gaps or challenges, provide critical and constructive assessments, and offer recommendations for future research. Review articles do not present new, unpublished data. The structure may include sections like Abstract (maximum 250 words), Keywords, Introduction, Relevant Sections, Discussion, Conclusions, and Future Directions, the main text of 5500-15,000 words. 

1.3. Letters or Brief Research Report: Letters or brief research reports in Science Park Publisher are concise observational studies reporting preliminary results or short, comprehensive studies or protocols. While shorter in length, the Materials and Methods sections should offer detailed information to ensure the reproducibility of the work presented. The structure mirrors that of a research article, A Brief letter or Report should be no more than 2000 words.

1.4. Short Communication: Communications in Science Park Publisher are concise articles presenting groundbreaking preliminary results, significant findings, cutting-edge methods, or the development of new technology or materials in the field of advanced energy storage. The structure is akin to that of a research article, with a suggested minimum word count of 2000 words and no more than 2500 words.

1.5. Editorial: Editorials in Science Park Publisher are non-peer-reviewed texts used to announce important developments, such as the journal's launch, new sections, a new Editor-in-Chief, special issues, or invited editorials. The main text should introduce the purpose and aims of the editorial. Editorials should not include unpublished or original data but must provide a Conflict-of-Interest statement. Editorials for the launch of the journal may also include a short biography of the Editor-in-Chief.

1.6. Letters to the Editor: Concise letters addressing important issues or responding to previously published articles.

1.7. Special Issues: Proposals for and contributions to special issues focusing on specific topics within the scope of the journal. 

2. Editorial policy

• Science Park Publisher publishes a significant impact or advance work. Manuscripts presenting data in isolation, devoid of analysis, interpretation, or discussion, are deemed acceptable solely when the data's significance is anticipated to catalyze substantial progress in scientific or technological research, prompting further studies and innovations.

• Authors of the article are solely responsible for the contents in their article(s) including accuracy of the facts, statements, and citing resources. 

3. Manuscript Preparation

Authors are requested to follow the author's guidelines when preparing their Revised Manuscripts. The Manuscript Preparation Checklist offers a concise summary of these aspects.

3.1. General

• Word and LaTeX templates for different types of the article are available. General order of the sections in the form of:
• Title – Author(s) - (Dedication) - Affiliation(s), - Keywords – Abstract -Graphical abstract - Main text [including Figures, Schemes and Tables] – (Experimental/Methods Section) –Conclusion-Acknowledgements – References

• All submissions must be written in English and adhere to proper grammatical and linguistic standards.

3.2. Title Page

• The article title should be brief, informative, and should clearly convey the research's content using relevant keywords. Capitalize the initial letters of all words, except for coordinating conjunctions, articles, and prepositions.

• Include a comprehensive list of authors, providing their first names, middle initials (if any), and last names. Use an asterisk to denote the corresponding author(s).

• Include a detailed list of affiliations for all authors, listing the names of all authors associated with each affiliation along with complete addresses. Ensure that institutional or company email addresses are provided for all corresponding authors.

• Please include a set of 3 to 7 keywords that accurately represent the article's subject matter.

• For all primary research and review articles, an abstract is mandatory. The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written in the present tense and an impersonal style. Abbreviations should be defined upon first use, and the abstract should not contain any references.

3.3. Text Formatting

• Science Park Publisher publishes a significant impact or advance work. Manuscripts presenting data in isolation, devoid of analysis, interpretation, or discussion, are deemed acceptable solely when the data's significance is anticipated to catalyze substantial progress in scientific or technological research, prompting further studies and innovations.

• Authors of the article are solely responsible for the contents in their article(s) including accuracy of the facts, statements, and citing resources. 

• Word and LaTeX templates for different types of the article are available. General order of the sections in the form of:
• Title– Author(s) – (Dedication) – Affiliation(s), – Keywords – Abstract - Graphical abstract– Main text [including Figures, Schemes and Tables] – (Experimental/Methods Section) –Conclusion-Acknowledgements – References

• All submissions must be written in English and adhere to proper grammatical and linguistic standards.

• The article title should be brief, informative, and should clearly convey the research's content using relevant keywords. Capitalize the initial letters of all words, except for coordinating conjunctions, articles, and prepositions.

• Include a comprehensive list of authors, providing their first names, middle initials (if any), and last names. Use an asterisk to denote the corresponding author(s).

• Include a detailed list of affiliations for all authors, listing the names of all authors associated with each affiliation along with complete addresses. Ensure that institutional or company email addresses are provided for all corresponding authors.

• Please include a set of 3 to 7 keywords that accurately represent the article's subject matter.

• For all primary research and review articles, an abstract and graphical abstract is mandatory. The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written in the present tense and an impersonal style. Abbreviations should be defined upon first use, and the abstract should not contain any references.

3.4. Headings

Please use no more than 3 levels of headings.

3.5. Abbreviations

 Define abbreviations upon their first use.

3.6. Footnotes

Footnotes are used to give additional information, such as citation of a reference included in the reference list. Do not include detailed bibliographic information for references within the text. Instead, use consecutive numbering for footnotes within the text. 

3.7. Acknowledgments and Funding Information

Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section after the conclusion section. Write the full names of funding organizations. 

3.8. Declarations

The manuscripts should contain the following: 

• Funding: Describe the research support received, if any.

• Conflicts of Interest: Disclose any relevant conflicts of interest.

• Data Availability: Explain the transparency of your data.

• Code Availability: Indicate the availability of software applications or custom code.

• Ethics Approval: Include information on approvals or waivers obtained.

• Corresponding authors, on behalf of all the authors of a submission, must disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. All authors, including those without competing interests to declare, should provide the relevant information to the corresponding author (which, where relevant, may specify they have nothing to declare). This information should be clarified as a statement. This statement should be placed in a new section entitled ‘Declaration of competing interest’. This statement should be added at the end of the author's manuscript in the core manuscript file before the References list.

• Statement: During the preparation of this work, the author (s) used [NAME TOOL / SERVICE] in order to [REASON]. After using this tool/service, the author (s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.

• This declaration does not apply to the use of basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references etc. If there is nothing to disclose, there is no need to add a statement.

• Use of inclusive language 

Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities. Content should make no assumptions about the beliefs or commitments of any reader; contain nothing that might imply that one individual is superior to another on the grounds of age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition; and use inclusive language throughout. Authors should ensure that writing is free from bias, stereotypes, slang, and references to dominant culture and/or cultural assumptions. We advise seeking gender neutrality by using plural nouns ("clinicians, patients/clients") as default/wherever possible to avoid using "he, she," or "he/she." We recommend avoiding the use of descriptors that refer to personal attributes such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability or health condition unless they are relevant and valid. When coding terminology is used, we recommend avoiding offensive or exclusionary terms such as "master", "slave", "blacklist," and "whitelist". We suggest using alternatives that are more appropriate and (self-) explanatory such as "primary", "secondary", "blocklist," and "allowlist". These guidelines are meant as a point of reference to help identify appropriate language. Still, they are by no means exhaustive or definitive. 

3.9. References

In-text references should be cited using square brackets with numerical identifiers. Your references list should include only works cited in the text and those published or accepted for publication, numbered consecutively. Please include DOIs as full DOI links in your reference list, if possible. This journal does not set strict requirements on reference formatting at submission.

Examples of publications reference are as follows: 

• Article Reference 

[1] Shokry, A., Elshaer, A. M., El Nady, J., Ebrahim, S., & Khalil, M. (2022). High energy density and specific capacity for supercapacitor based on electrochemical synthesized polyindole. Electrochimica Acta, 423, 140614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140614

• Books Chapter Reference

[1] Buscarino, A., Fortuna, L., Frasca, M., Sciuto, G., Buscarino, A., Fortuna, L., ... & Sciuto, G. (2014). From the Mathematical Model to the Circuit. A Concise Guide to Chaotic Electronic Circuits, 11-31.   https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05900-6_2

• Communication Reference

[1] Ma, C., Hu, J., Xie, M., Cheng, Y., Fang, J., Li, A., ... & Zhang, Q. (2023). Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of foamed Ni3Pt alloys. Materials Letters, 135338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2023.135338

• Conference Reference 

[1] Miranda, A. V., Feng, K., Põld, A., Tagari, M. Y., Meilianti, S., Sharief, S., ... & Afolabi, R. (2023). Youth‐inclusive framework for a sustainable future in planetary health action: A conference summary. Public Health Challenges, 2(2), e81. https://doi.org/10.1002/puh2.81Website: Cancer Research UK, Cancer statistics reports for the UK. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/aboutcancer/statistics/cancerstatsreport/, 2003 (accessed 13 March 2003).

3.10. Tables

All tables should be numbered using Arabic numerals, cited in consecutive numerical order in the text, and accompanied by a table caption explaining their components.

3.11. Artwork or Figures and Schemes

• For optimal results, submit all artwork, such as photographs and line drawings, in electronic format. Your art will be produced to the highest standards with the greatest accuracy to detail.  Each figure and scheme should be captioned and inserted within the main text, mentioned in numerical order in the text, with different types of atoms in structural chemistry figures distinguishable by color. Always use the word "Figure" when citing figures in the manuscript.

• Vector graphic images such as plots, graphs, and line diagrams (including chemical structures) should either be embedded into a Word document or saved as a PDF, PS, or EPS file. Original files of graphical items created with ChemDraw or Photoshop may be included. Bitmap graphic images like photos and electron microscope images should be saved as TIFF or PNG files, with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi (1000 pixels wide for single-column width). More details can be found in the Manuscript Preparation Checklist and Graphics FAQ section.

• Ensure electronic figure submission follows these guidelines:

• Name your figure files as "Figure" followed by the figure number (e.g., Figure1.eps).
• Number all figures using Arabic numerals.
• Cite figures in consecutive numerical order within the text.
• Provide accurate captions for each figure, starting with "Fig." in bold type followed by the figure number.
• Size figures to fit the column width.
• Color art is free of charge for online publication.

4. Manuscript Submission

Submission of a manuscript means that the work has not been published before and it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else. All co-authors have granted their approval for the publication. 

4.1. Online Submission

 Follow the link “Submit manuscript” and upload your manuscript files following the instructions given on the screen. Authors are recommended to read carefully the Guide for Authors to prepare manuscripts for submission. 

4.2. Before you submit, you will need:

• Ensure that the following items are present: One author has been designated as the corresponding author with contact details: E-mail address and Full postal address.

• Ensure that your manuscript is submitted as an editable file, encompassing text, figures, and tables, or as separate files. All required sections should be contained in your manuscript, including abstract, introduction, methods, results and discussion, conclusions, and references. Figures and tables should have legends. Figures should be uploaded in high resolution. References may be submitted according to the required format, as long as it is consistent throughout the manuscript. Supplementary information should be presented as separate files. If the manuscript's English language quality is subpar, it may be returned to you for revision.

• The manuscript's title page should incorporate the following elements:
• Details of co-authors, including their affiliations and email addresses.
• Abstract
• Keywords

• All manuscripts should be submitted using the online submission service by following the instructions given on the submission website. In order to submit a manuscript, you will need either a Microsoft Word document, or a single PDF generated from a word document or LaTeX document, that includes the text, figures, and tables. If you have trouble uploading large files, please contact the editorial office for assistance.

• The corresponding author must verify that all authors have reviewed and endorsed the manuscript, and they must meet the authorship criteria. For more details, see the “Authorship” section in the Editorial Policies tab.

• The author must inform the editor of manuscripts submitted, soon to be submitted, or in press at other journals that have a bearing on the manuscript being submitted. Duplicate submission is not permitted and will result in rejection. Ethical guidelines issued by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) are followed. In particular, Authors are expected to disclose all sources of funding for the research presented in the manuscript and declare any potential conflicts of interest.

• If this manuscript is a revised or expanded version of a previously rejected submission to the target journal, it is essential to inform the editor in the cover letter, providing a comprehensive account of the alterations made.

• In that case, the author should ensure that the work described has been carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans. The manuscript should be in line with the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals and aim for the inclusion of representative human populations (sex, age and ethnicity) as per those recommendations. The terms sex and gender should be used correctly.

• Authors should include a statement in the manuscript that informed consent was obtained for experimentation with human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always be observed.

• All animal experiments should comply with the ARRIVE guidelines and should be carried out in accordance with the U.K. Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act, 1986 and associated guidelines, EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments, or the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the authors should clearly indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines have been followed. The sex of animals must be indicated, and where appropriate, the influence (or association) of sex on the results of the study.

Reporting guidance 

For research involving or pertaining to humans, animals or eukaryotic cells, investigators should integrate sex and gender-based analyses (SGBA) into their research design according to funder/sponsor requirements and best practices within a field. Authors should address the sex and/or gender dimensions of their research in their articles. In cases where they cannot, they should discuss this as a limitation to their research's generalizability. Importantly, authors should explicitly state what definitions of sex and/or gender they are applying to enhance the precision, rigor and reproducibility of their research and to avoid ambiguity or conflation of terms and the constructs to which they refer (see Definitions section below). Authors can refer to the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines and the SAGER guidelines checklist. These offer systematic approaches to the use and editorial review of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, outcome reporting and research interpretation. However, please note there is no single, universally agreed-upon set of guidelines for defining sex and gender.

Author contributions

• For transparency, we require corresponding authors to provide co-author contributions to the manuscript using the relevant CRediT roles. The CRediT taxonomy includes 14 different roles describing each contributor’s specific contribution to the scholarly output.

• The roles are Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Roles/Writing - original draft; and Writing - review & editing. Note that not all roles may apply to every manuscript, and authors may have contributed through multiple roles.

Changes to authorship

• Authors are expected to consider carefully the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. Any addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should be made only before the manuscript has been accepted and only if approved by the journal Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) the reason for the change in the author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with the addition, removal or rearrangement. In the case of the addition or removal of authors, this includes confirmation from the author being added or removed.

• Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, publication of the manuscript will be suspended. Suppose the manuscript has already been published in an online issue. In that case, any requests approved by the Editor will result in a corrigendum.

Referees

Please submit the names and institutional (preferred) or private e-mail addresses of several potential referees. Please provide a list of at least three referees. Note that the Editor retains the sole right to decide whether or not the suggested reviewers are used.

Prime novelty statement

A prime novelty statement is required with every new submission. In addition to highlighting the main novelty of the work, the statement should indicate a single, most significant result that substantially advances a given field of science, as well as emphasize how this advancement may be used by those who work in different areas or with different classes of materials. The main purpose of the statement is to inform the Editorial Board of how the work is described. The results reported make them of interest to the broad readership of the Multidisciplinary Materials Chronicles and why those who work outside of the immediate field or the discipline of the article should care to read the paper when it is published. The prime novelty statement must be written for non-experts, avoid jargon, and be limited to 150 words. Non-compliant prime novelty statements may result in desk rejection of manuscripts without peer review. 

Peer review

This journal operates a single anonymized review process. The Editor will initially assess all contributions for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of three independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor's decision is final. Editors are not involved in decisions about papers that they have written themselves or have been written by family members or colleagues, or which relate to products or services in which the Editor has an interest. Any such submission is subject to all of the journal's usual procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant Editor and their research groups. 

Use of word processing software

• The file must be saved in the native format of the word processor used. The text should be in single-column format. Keep the layout of the text as simple as possible. Most formatting codes will be removed and replaced on processing the article. In particular, do not use the word processor's options to justify text or to hyphenate words. However, do use boldface, italics, subscripts, superscripts etc. When preparing tables, if you are using a table grid, use only one grid for each table and not a grid for each row. If no grid is used, use tabs, not spaces, to align columns. The electronic text should be prepared in a way very similar to that of conventional manuscripts. Note that source files of figures, tables and text graphics will be required whether or not you embed your figures in the text. See also the section on Electronic artwork

• To avoid unnecessary errors, you are strongly advised to use the 'spell-check' and 'grammar-check' functions of your word processor.

5. Copyright and Permissions

Authors involved Figures, tables, and text passages that have been published elsewhere previously are required to get a permission of the copyright from the owner(s) for the print and online and when submitting their papers, authors must provide evidence that they have obtained the necessary permissions. 

6. After acceptance

• After acceptance, the article will be exported to Production department and authors will ask to confirm affiliation, and payment of any associated publication cost. Then, the article will be processed and received as a proof.

• Subsequent modifications to the manuscript, post online publication, can only be made via an Erratum.

7. Offprints

Offprints ordered by the corresponding author can be done.

8. Color illustrations

Publication of colored figures is free of charge.

9. Online First

The manuscript will be published online after the corrected proof is finished. 

10. Supporting Information

Supporting Information is not essential to the article but provides greater depth and background. The manuscript is hosted online in its unedited and typeset form. Succinct text and the necessary graphics for the Supporting Information must be submitted, where possible, as a separate document (i.e., Word, or PDF). The document should feature the title and the names of all authors, and a template for creating this page is included in the manuscript template. Graphics should be embedded within the Supporting Information file and not submitted as separate graphic files. The author must keep a copy of the Supporting Information and make this available to readers upon request. Other types of Supporting Information, e.g., multimedia files, raw data, code, etc., may be provided separately, with large files provided in a compressed file format, e.g., .zip or .rar.

11. For Review Article

11.1. Introduction

• Discusses the text structure, defines the focus, identifies the context, and describes the rationale for the review with three paragraphs. 

• Subject background. Provide a general context or framework to outline the topic, issue or area of concern.
• “Problem”. Trends, new perspectives, gaps, conflicts, or a single problem is indicated.
• Motivation/justification. The author’s reason for reviewing the literature, the approach and the organization of the text are described in present tense.

• Offer both theoretical and practical justifications for the necessity of conducting the review.

11.2. Material and Methods

• The Materials and Methods section should encompass information on data sources (e.g., bibliographic databases), search terms, search strategies, selection criteria (inclusion/exclusion criteria for studies), the number of studies screened, the number of studies included, and the statistical methods employed for meta-analysis.

11.3. Body: Main Part of the Review Article

The topics of main part of review are:

• Methodological approaches

• Models or theories

• Extent of support for a given thesis

• Distinguish between studies that corroborate each other and those that hold conflicting views
• Frequently link the discussed research findings to the research question stated in the introduction. • Link the studies to one another. Compare and discuss these relationships.
• Tenses: Present if reporting what another author thinks, believes, writes, reporting current knowledge or information of general validity, simple past for referring to what a specific researcher did or found, referring to a single study and Present perfect for referring to an area of research with a number of independent researchers involved.

11.4. Conclusions

• Implications of the findings.

• Summarizing and drawing conclusions in past tense.

11.5. Acknowledgments

Expresses gratitude to people who helped with the literature search, the structuring of the material or in the writing process and funding organization and specifies the funding.

11.6. References

Limit the number of references cited in the review to a maximum of 200.

12. For Letters and short communications

• Letters or short reports are brief reports of data from original research.

• Editors publish these letters or reports where they think the data are interesting and stimulate further research in this field. As they are relatively short the format is useful for scientists with results that are time sensitive. This format often has strict length limits, so some experimental details may not be published until the authors write a full Original Research manuscript.

• A Brief letter or Report should contain approximately 3600 words, including figures. Each figure is considered equivalent to approximately 150 words.

• Abstracts should be up to 150 words long. Although the abstract should explain why the article might be interesting, the importance of the work should not be over-emphasized. Citations should not be used in the abstract. Abbreviations, if needed, should be spelled out. Abstracts are structured into Methods, Results, and Conclusions.

• Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main manuscript file.

• Multi-panel figures (those with parts a, b, c, d etc.) should be submitted as a single composite file that contains all parts of the figure.

• Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text, and uploaded in this order.

• Figures should be uploaded in the correct orientation.

• Figure keys should be incorporated into the graphic, not into the legend of the figure.

• Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space surrounding the illustration. Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication on our site.

• Letters or short reports should include received/accepted dates.

• Letters or short reports may be accompanied by supplementary information.

All published items will receive a DOI and be citable. Additional data, posters, videos, or PPT presentations can be published as Supplementary Materials.